Kanema uyu wa kanema wofotokozera Umboni Wovulaza Amakhala ndi wodwala yemwe ali ndi MS yemwe amakambirana za kulumikizana kwake ndi mano ake a amalgam mercury.

Multiple sclerosis ("MS") idadziwika koyamba m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi munthawi yomwe amalgam ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Umboni wosasindikizidwa wosonyeza kuti anthu ambiri, koma si onse, omwe ali ndi vuto la MS omwe amadzazidwa ndi mercury / siliva amachotsa (kukhululukidwa kwadzidzidzi) kapena kusintha pang'onopang'ono. Umboni wosatsutsikawu wathandizidwa ndi kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mzaka 50 zapitazi.

Mwachitsanzo, mu ntchito yomwe idasindikizidwa mu 1966, Baasch adatsimikiza kuti multiple sclerosis inali mtundu wachikulire wa acrodynia (pinki) ndipo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amitsempha zimayambitsa, nthawi zambiri, ndi mercury yochokera ku amalgam fillings.¹  Baasch adanenanso milandu ingapo ndipo adatchulapo maphunziro omwe akuchitika omwe akuwonetsa kutha kwa kupita patsogolo ndikukonzanso kusamvana kwa MS atachotsedwa ma amalgam.

Pofufuza mwatsatanetsatane mu 1978, Craelius adawonetsa kulumikizana kwamphamvu (P <0.001) pakati pamiyeso yakufa kwa MS ndi kutaya kwamano.²  Detayi idawonetsa zosatheka kuti kulumikizaku kudachitika mwangozi. Zakudya zambiri zidanenedwa kuti ndizomwe zimayambitsa.

Lingaliro loperekedwa ndi TH Ingalls, MD, mu 1983 linanena kuti seepage yocheperako, yobwezeretsanso mankhwala a mercury kuchokera mumitsinje kapena amalgam kudzazidwa atha kubweretsa MS pazaka zapakati.³  Anayang'aniranso zambiri zokhudzana ndi miliri yomwe imawonetsa kulumikizana pakati pa kufa kwa MS ndi manambala owola, akusowa, ndi mano odzaza. Pa kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu 1986, Ingalls adanenanso kuti ofufuza omwe amafufuza zomwe zimayambitsa MS ayenera kusanthula mosamala mbiri ya mano a odwala.⁴

Kafukufuku wina adapitiliza kukhazikitsa kulumikizana komwe kungakhalepo pakati pa MS ndi mercury. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi Ahlrot-Westerlund kuyambira 1987 adapeza kuti odwala a MS anali ndi ma mercury kasanu ndi kawiri mulingo wabwinobwino wamtsempha wamtsempha poyerekeza ndi kuwongolera kwamitsempha.⁵

Kuphatikiza apo, ofufuza a Siblerud ndi Kienholz a Rocky Mountain Research Institute, Inc., adasanthula lingaliro loti mercury kuchokera kumazinyo amalgam fillings ndi ofanana ndi MS pantchito yofalitsidwa mu 1994.⁶  Inayerekezera zomwe zapezedwa m'magazi pakati pa maphunziro a MS omwe amalumusi awo adachotsedwa ndi maphunziro a MS ndi amalgams:

Masamba a MS omwe ali ndi ma amalgams amapezeka kuti ali ndi magazi ofiira ochepa kwambiri, hemoglobin, ndi hematocrit poyerekeza ndi ma MS omwe amachotsedwa ndi amalgam. Magulu a Thyroxine anali otsika kwambiri mu gulu la MS amalgam, ndipo anali ndi magulu otsika kwambiri a T Lymphocyte ndi T-8 (CD8) omwe amapondereza maselo. Gulu la MS amalgam linali ndi magazi okwanira kwambiri urea asafe ndi ma seramu otsika IgG. Tsitsi la mercury linali lokwera kwambiri m'maphunziro a MS poyerekeza ndi gulu lomwe siliri la MS. Funso lofunsira zaumoyo lidapeza kuti maphunziro a MS omwe ali ndi ma amalgams anali ndi zochulukirapo (33.7%) zowonjezereka m'miyezi 12 yapitayi poyerekeza ndi odzipereka a MS omwe amachotsa amalgam. ⁷

Udindo wa myelin, chinthu chomwe chimathandiza ubongo kutumiza mauthenga m'thupi, ndichofunikira kwambiri pakufufuza kwa MS, ndipo MELISA Foundation yakhazikitsa zomwe amakhulupirira kuti ndi njira yomvetsetsa MS pozindikira kulumikizana pakati pazitsulo ndi kukokoloka kwa nthaka wa myelin.  Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu 1999, Stejskal ndi Stejskal adazindikira kuti kukhudzika mtima kumayambitsidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tazitsulo tomwe timalowa m'thupi la munthu yemwe thupi lake siligwirizana ndi chitsulo.⁸  Tinthu timeneti kenako timamangirira ku myelin, ndikusintha pang'ono mapuloteni. Mwa anthu oganiza bwino, mawonekedwe atsopanowo (myelin kuphatikiza tinthu tachitsulo) amadziwika kuti ndi mlendo wakunja ndipo amamuukira (yankho lokhalokha). Wopalamulayo akuwoneka kuti ndi "myelin plaques" muubongo, omwe amapezeka mwa odwala omwe ali ndi MS. Zikwangwani zotere zimatha kukhala chifukwa cha ziwengo zazitsulo. MELISA Foundation posakhalitsa idayamba kulemba kuti odwala omwe ali ndi vuto lokhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira m'magulu amathandizanso pang'ono, ndipo nthawi zina, amachira kwathunthu pochotsa gwero lazitsulo-nthawi zambiri amadzaza mano.⁹

Kafukufuku wobwereza wamagulu a Bates et al. lofalitsidwa mu 2004 lidaphatikizaponso kuwunika zolembedwa za anthu 20,000 ku New Zealand Defense Force (NZDF).¹⁰  Ofufuzawa adafuna kuyesa kulumikizana komwe kungakhalepo pakati pamankhwala ophatikizira mano ndi zotsatira zathanzi, ndipo zomwe apeza zidawatsogolera kuti apereke mgwirizano "wolimba" pakati pa MS ndi kuwonekera kwa mano. Kuphatikiza apo, maphunziro atatu oyeserera omwe adasindikizidwa kale a MS omwe adatsimikiza kuti kulibe mayanjano ofunikira ndi mano amalgam mercury^{11 12 13} adadziwika ndi Bates et al. kukhala ndi zolephera zosiyanasiyana. Kwenikweni, a Bates ndi omwe adagwira nawo ntchito adazindikira kuti imodzi mwa maphunziro atatuwa ndi yomwe idagwiritsa ntchito zochitika zamankhwala ndi zolemba mano, ndikuti kafukufuku yemweyo anapanganso zowerengera zowopsa za kuchuluka kwa amalgam mercury.¹⁴

Kuwunika mwatsatanetsatane kwa mabuku okhudzana ndi mano amalgam ndi multiple sclerosis kunachitika ndi ofufuza aku Canada ndikufalitsa mu 2007.¹⁵  Pomwe Aminzadeh et al. adanenanso kuti chiwopsezo chokhala ndi vuto la MS pakati pa omwe amakhala ndi amalgam sichinasinthe, akuti ndikuwonjezera pang'ono komanso kosafunikira. Komabe, adanenanso zoperewera pantchito yawo ndipo adalangizanso kuti kafukufuku wamtsogolo akuyenera kuwerengetsa zina monga kukula kwa amalgam, mawonekedwe ake, komanso kutalika kwa kuwonekera pofufuza kulumikizana kulikonse pakati pa amalgam mano ndi MS.

Odwala makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu anayi omwe ali ndi MS komanso odzipereka athanzi makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu anayi ndiwo omwe adaphunzira ku Iran ndi Attar et al. lofalitsidwa mu 2011.¹⁶  Ofufuzawa adapeza kuti kuchuluka kwa serum mercury mu MS odwala kunali kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa zowongolera. Ananenanso kuti kuchuluka kwa mercury mu seramu kumatha kuchititsa chiwopsezo cha multiple sclerosis.

Mu 2014, Roger Pamphlett wa ku Yunivesite ya Sydney ku Australia adalemba kafukufuku wazachipatala wokhudzana ndi zowononga zachilengedwe, kuphatikiza mercury, ndi zovuta zamitsempha yapakati.¹⁷  Atalongosola za kupezeka kwa mankhwala oopsa komanso momwe thupi limakhudzira thupi, adati: "Kulephera kwa noradrenaline kumakhudza ma cell amtundu wa CNS ndipo kumatha kuyambitsa matenda amisala (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and motor neuron disease), kuwononga ziwalo (multiple sclerosis), ndi matenda amisala (kukhumudwa kwakukulu ndi kusinthasintha kwa maganizo). ”¹⁸

Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu 2016 adawonetsa kuti Pamphlett adapeza umboni kuti agwirizane ndi malingaliro ake. Iye ndi mnzake adaphunzira zitsanzo za msana kuchokera kwa anthu 50 azaka 1-95.¹⁹  Adapeza kuti 33% ya omwe ali ndi zaka 61-95 anali ndi zitsulo zolemera m'matenda awo am'mimba (pomwe zaka zazing'ono sizinatero). Kafukufukuyu adawapangitsa kuti anene kuti: "Kuwonongeka kwa ma interneuron oletsa kutsekemera amtundu wa poizoni m'moyo wamtsogolo kumatha kubweretsa kuvulala kwamoto kwa motoneuron ndipo kumatha kuvulaza kapena kutayika kwa motoneuron mikhalidwe monga ALS / MND, multiple sclerosis, sarcopenia ndi ng'ombe ya ng'ombe."²⁰

Kafukufuku wina wofalitsidwa mu 2016, ochokera kwa ofufuza a University of North Carolina, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, ndi Duke University, nawonso adasanthula ubale womwe ungakhalepo pakati pazitsulo zolemera ndi multiple sclerosis.²¹  Anthu 217 omwe ali ndi zowongolera za MS ndi 496 adaphatikizidwanso kafukufuku wowerengera anthu, womwe udapangidwa kuti uwonetse ubale womwe ulipo pakati popezeka ndi lead, mercury, ndi solvents ndi 58 single nucleotide polymorphisms mu majini ogwirizana ndi MS. Napier et al. adapeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi MS anali othekera kwambiri kuposa owongolera kuti afotokozere kutsogolera ndi mercury.

Ndikofunikanso kudziwa kuti zolemba zingapo zomwe zidasindikizidwa mzaka 25 zapitazi, kuphatikiza pazofufuza zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa, zawonetsa kuthekera kwa odwala a MS kuti athe kusintha mosiyanasiyana atachotsedwa ma amalgam. Kafukufuku wa Redhe ndi Pleva wofalitsidwa mu 1993 adawonetsa zitsanzo ziwiri kuchokera kwa odwala opitilira 100 omwe akuwunika momwe matumbo a mano amathandizira.²²  Adanenanso kuti kuchotsa amalgam kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino mu MS. Monga chitsanzo china, kafukufuku yemwe Huggins ndi Levy adafalitsa mu 1998 adawonetsa kuti kuchotsa mano amadzimadzi, akagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala ena, adasintha mawonekedwe a photolabeling a mapuloteni am'madzi am'magazi omwe ali ndi MS.²³

Zitsanzo zina zimaperekanso umboni wazabwino zomwe zingachitike pakachotsedwa kwa amalgam kwa odwala a MS. Kafukufuku wochokera ku MELISA Foundation wofalitsidwa mu 2004 Anayesa zotsatira za thanzi la amalgam kuchotsedwa kwa mankhwala a mercury-allergic odwala omwe ali ndi autoimmunity, ndipo kusintha kwakukulu kwambiri kunachitika mwa odwala omwe ali ndi MS.²⁴  Kuphatikiza apo, mbiri yakale yomwe idasindikizidwa mu 2013 kuchokera kwa ofufuza aku Italiya idalemba kuti wodwala yemwe ali ndi MS yemwe amadzazidwa ndi mercury amachotsedwa kenako ndikuchiritsidwa chelation (mtundu wina wa detoxification) wasintha.²⁵  Ofufuzawo, m'modzi mwa iwo ndiogwirizana ndi Unduna wa Zaumoyo ku Italy, adalemba kuti umboni womwe waperekedwa umatsimikizira "lingaliro la TMP [poyizoni wazitsulo] ngati choyambitsa chilengedwe kapena iatrogenic ya MS, makamaka ngati kuperewera kwa mankhwala osakwanira kuli muzu. ” ²⁶

Ngakhale kuti pakufunika kafukufuku wambiri kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa ubale wapakati pa mercury ndi MS, zolemba zasayansi zomwe zidasindikizidwa mzaka 50 zapitazi zikupitilizabe kunena kuti kutulutsa kwa mercury kuchokera kumazinyo a mano, komanso kuchokera kuzowopsa zina zilizonse zotsika kwambiri za mercury, ziyenera akuwunikiridwa mozama pamtundu womwe ungatengepo gawo pakulimbikitsa kwa MS. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti kuwonetseredwa kwina kwa poizoni kumatha kugwira ntchito zofananira, zomwe zimathandiza kufotokoza chifukwa chomwe odwala ena a MS alibe mercury amalgam meno kapena zina zotchuka za mercury. Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu 2016 ndi ofufuza ku Taiwan adalumikiza MS kuti izitsogolera nthaka.²⁷

Chofunikanso kukumbukira ndikuti pazonse, kafukufuku waposachedwa akuwonetsa kuti zomwe zimayambitsa MS ndizodziwika bwino kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, mercury imatha kuwonedwa ngati chinthu chimodzi chokha chomwe chingayambitse matendawa, ndi zina zowopsa za poizoni, kusiyanasiyana kwa majini, kupezeka kwa chifuwa chachitsulo, ndi zina zambiri zimathandizanso mu MS.

IAOMT ili ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera zokhudzana ndi mutu uwu:

• Kudzazidwa ndi Mercury: Mano Amalgam Zotsatira Zazovuta ndi Zochita
• Zizindikiro Zoopsa Za Poizoni
• Ndemanga Yaikulu ya IAOMT pa Mercury mu Dental Amalgam